Impoundment        Diversion

Impoundment
Impoundment plants are the most common type of hydroelectric plant. In this system a dam stores river water in a reservoir, which is released as needed or on a constant basis through a penstock (a large pipe that houses a turbine in the middle). The water moves through the turbine within the penstock, which spins the turbine to generate electricity, before flowing into the outflow river.

Impoundment plants can also have a pumped storage feature. During periods of low electricity demand, the excess capacity is used to pump water from the outflow river into the reservoir to be released at periods of higher electricity demand to generate extra electricity.





Three Gorges Dam (China) - world's largest Hydroelectric plant at 22,500MW

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